Amish people are eligible for passports and can theoretically have them, as they are US citizens. However, due to their beliefs which generally prohibit photographs, they don’t apply for passports as they typically do not need to travel internationally.
Since they refuse to provide a photo for a passport, they cannot obtain one, limiting their travel options to local areas, Canada, and Mexico.
States like Ohio and Pennsylvania provide photo-less identification, enabling Amish people to travel across state lines or to Canada or Mexico, despite their prohibitions on personal photos​.
Mexico, the USA, and Canada allow travel by private vehicle using birth or citizenship certificates.
The Amish don’t have photo IDs because their beliefs forbid the creation of graven images, which includes photographs of people.
To accommodate this belief, a “VALID WITHOUT PHOTO” sign is typically placed on their state ID instead of a photograph.
Crossing the border usually involves showing non-photo IDs or birth certificates, along with a Form 4029. This form lets them cross the border in many situations.
Amish individuals use their birth, citizenship, or naturalization certificates, along with an IRS SSN waiver form, to cross the US-Canada border or vice versa, but only when traveling by private vehicles at land border crossings.
They generally do not travel outside of the United States and Canada, so they there’s no need for them to have passports.
The Amish are known for following the law closely. If international travel requires a passport and their community permits it, those traveling internationally will indeed obtain a passport.